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Laying down durable tiles in various sizes, such as 500 x 250, made of ceramic, stone, porcelain, or glass to cover the floors, walls, roofs, and table tops while taking safety precautions and according to certain methods is known as a tile installation job
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These days, many parts of a home are covered with different kinds of tiles, including roof tiles, floor tiles, pebble tiles, ceiling tiles, glass tiles, and wall tiles
According to their purposes, the needed degree of finishing, and affordability, flooring comes in a variety of forms
The idea behind using various flooring types is to embellish a home's interior and outside
Things to Consider (TKM) Before Installing Tile:
Make sure the soil layer has been properly compacted before beginning the tile installation job at the plinth level
Make sure that the PCC, RCC, or brick subfloor has been installed with adequate leveling and, if necessary, a slope
All of the rooms' brick masonry and plaster work needs to be completed
Installing the wall tiles should come before installing the floor tiles
If the drawing or the tender requires waterproofing, it should be completed first
Stacking Materials for the Tile Installation Work:
Sand, cement, and tiles are needed for the installation of tiles
Calculating the number of tiles needed to complete the tile installation operation is advised since it may reduce waste and eventually become more affordable
The area is measured by the amount of tile
When installing floor tiles, the quantity may be calculated by multiplying the room's length and breadth
When installing wall tiles, the cost may be calculated by multiplying the wall's length and height
Divide the floor area by the area of one tile to get the estimated number of tiles
For a 25 mm thickness, 11 kg (CM 1:4) of cement is needed to install one square meter of ceramic tiles, while for a 50 mm thickness, 22 kilograms of cement is needed
25 kg of white cement is also used for filling joints
Installing one square meter of Kota stone requires 6
5 kg (CM 1:6) of cement for a bed that is 30 mm thick, compared to 10 kg (CM 1:6) for mosaic tiles
An adequate supply of materials like tiles, cement, and sand should be kept on hand
Purchase orders should be placed well in advance of the start of work when material supplies are at risk
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A Checklist for Installing Tile:
All materials should be tested, and the testing must be done in accordance with IS specifications, tender specifications, or drawing specifications
Make sure you have all the resources you'll need for a good tile installation job, including plants, tools, machinery, and equipment
When laying tiles on walls, the right steel/bamboo scaffolding must be used to ensure tile safety (for more than two-meter high work)
Remove all of the loose and dried mortar from the slab, then blow air or spray water on the surface to clean it
The sand has to be put through a sieve of an acceptable size
Prior to use, the tiles should be soaked in water for 24 hours, and the suitable surface should be damp before installing the tiles
Use of cement mortar or adhesive must occur within 30 minutes after water addition and must be proportioned according to specifications
After the first set, mortar or glue shouldn't be applied
Spread all the tiles throughout a room or region when using ceramic or mosaic tiles to ensure that they are of the same color, pattern, and shade
Change them if they are different
The subsequent change would be very challenging
Leveling and marking should be done on the wall at a height of 30 cm above the needed level before beginning tile installation operations, most likely using a laser torch that is now available
For tiles for walls,
It is crucial that you begin your job in a room or open space
If the room's tiles are irregular, place the chopped tile pieces where furniture is intended to go over them or where they will stay concealed
The joint pattern of the tiles should be implemented in accordance with the design, or if it is not stated in the drawing, contact the responsible architect or engineer
The bathroom's accessories need to be placed where the tiles meet, as in the case of the bathroom
It will look bad if the fittings are centered or off-centered on the tiles
If indicated in the design, a bed (layer of screed concrete on RCC slab) of 40 mm to 100 mm should be supplied for tile installation operations or to keep the floor sloped
The bed has to be adequately treated over at least seven days
The slope, which might range from 1:48 to 1:60 or as stated in the design, has to be verified while tiling at different spots
The slope should be directed either toward the floor gully trap or the water exit sleeves
Skirting should be of the same color and pattern as the wall plaster and be flush with it
Always include a movement joint between the floor tile and skirting
A tidy layer of cement slurry should be placed at 2 kg of cement dispersed over an area of 1 sq
mt when installing tiles over a cement mortar bed to guarantee a strong connection
Follow the manufacturer's directions and the glue's pot life precisely if you're using chemicals or adhesives to install tiles
To guarantee top surface leveling and void minimization under tiles, install, push, and pound the tiles with a wooden or rubber mallet after applying mortar
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After the joints have dried first, wipe them off with a towel and add white cement for a nicer look
When installing tiles, construction joints or tile joints must be appropriately created with glass strip and filled with white cement or the same shade of pigment
Testing of tile installation work: The level and trueness of the installation of the tiles must be verified
As joints are the primary source of leaks or dampness, special precautions must be taken when checking joints
Water must be dropped on the floor to determine the slope
Water ought to flow down the slope or toward the drain
After tile installation work, take care to prevent unwanted access by avoiding walking on the tiles for at least 24 hours
After the tile installation job, professionally clean the area
The tiling work must cure for at least 7 to 10 days, and after it is done, the seams must be filled with grout and well cleaned
Safety Evaluation of Tile Installation Work:
To protect the safety of tile installers, safety analysis is crucial during the installation of tiles
Let's talk about how to prevent it
Before beginning work, a method statement for handling, putting, and cleaning materials is required for tile tiles
A qualified and knowledgeable tiler is required
Make sure that the tiler and other tiling workers have access to the necessary safety equipment, including a safety helmet, face mask, rubber hand gloves, safety glasses, and safety shoes
First-aid supplies should be accessible at the location where the installation of the tiles is being done
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Always do a job safety analysis and test the installation of tiles in tiny areas before beginning the main operation
Additional safety measures should be offered if required
When installing tiles in a small, dark area, make sure there is enough ventilation and electric lighting
In order to reduce the likelihood of accidents, hoist operators and polishing machine operators must be competent and have valid licenses from recognized agencies
Integration of Services: Before beginning the tile installation work, the integration of services, such as electrical conduit, plumbing lines, and inner expansion joint work, must be examined and completely completed
If the design includes tile drops, grooves, tiles, and sleeves, they should be built in the proper line, level, and position or in accordance with the engineer
Those who are familiar with the laying and installation of floor tiles may assume that tiling a wall is just as simple
What exactly is a wall, if not a vertical floor?
A certain process and set of methods must be followed while installing wall tiles
If you mess up installing wall tile, you'll have to live with it forever
Putting in wall tiles doesn't have to be a chore if you follow these simple guidelines
With this plan in place, you can expect your project to go off without a hitch, cause you less stress, and maybe even save you money
You Should Know This Before You Get Started
One must always remember that the vertical orientation of wall tiles is preferable to the horizontal orientation of floor tiles
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Tiles may even be hidden while they are not in use, such as when they are beneath furniture or rugs
But tile is always noticeable on walls
Reference points such as walls, windows, and doors may either establish visual harmony with wall tile or wreak havoc on its appearance
Tile installation is a breeze when there are no obstacles to work around, such as on a blank wall
But as other geometric forms enter the picture, you'll also have to include them in the design
Spend some time assessing the room and the tiles to get the most aesthetically pleasing layout
Instructions
Batten Board or Tile Spacers
When tiling a wall, gravity is your worst enemy
Before they're securely affixed, vertical tiles may move about
Tile spacers are made of plastic and are used to prevent tiles from touching
The spacers may be simply removed when the bonding thinset has hardened
Batten boards are an alternative to tile spacers to counter gravity's effects
The first course, or row, of tiles, is easier to lay out using a batten board
Batten boards are typically made of 1x4 or 1x2 lumber and are fastened to the wall using screws
It's important that the batten board be flat and even
Initiate the batten board off of anything other than the ground
Raise the board to a level about three-quarters of your tiles' height
Batten boards are typically installed 3 inches above the floor; thus in the case of 4-inch tiles, this would be the starting point
Wrap Tiles Around a Pyramid
What should be done next after laying the first row of tiles? Do you line up the tiles in a row, or in a column? Another option is to finish one row before moving on to the next
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The optimal configuration for the wall tile is a cascading pyramid
To do this, follow these steps:
Build a pyramid using the first four tiles, using three lower rows and one above row
Each new row is created by hanging fabric over the pyramid twice
The first drape is started on the right or left side and then brought up, over, and down the other side
As with the first, do the second drape in the other way
Repeat the process, switching sides after each repetition
Check
Take the ground for plumb and the walls for level
Installing tiles requires a square pattern
You should check the walls' and floor's verticality and levelness by holding a bubble level to a straight 6- or 8-foot board
Many times, they will not be perfectly vertical and horizontal
Adjustments must be made if the wall or floor is off by more than half an inch
Fixing major issues may require installing more trim and baseboards
Tile installation will be noticeable if your plumb or level is incorrect by more than 1/2 inch over 8 feet
The following action will fix this
Don't Use Any Tiles That Are Narrower Than 5 Inches Wide
Tile slivers are pieces of tile that are less than half the width of the tile itself and are placed around the perimeter of your tile field
Doing so will prominently display any tiles that are out of plumb
To fix this, arrange the tiles such that no sharp edges are exposed
Ensure that the tiles are symmetrical, too
Broken tiles should be placed on the extreme left and right of each row
There has to be uniformity in the breadth of the tiles in a row, even if they're only partially connected
To Cut Tiles While Wet, Use a Wet Tile Saw
A wet tile saw is preferable to a snap tile cutter because of the superior quality of the cut edge
If you want to cover the tiles' rough edges with baseboards or shoe molding, then a snap tile cutter is OK to use
However, you don't have the same luxury with wall tile since all of the borders are really noticeable
Because of this, a wet tile saw, which can be purchased or rented, is useful for producing clean cuts in tiles
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