The building of cold mixed bituminous pavements on previously completed base courses shall include the construction of cold mixed bituminous pavements at the required surface, to the prescribed lines, grades, and dimensions, and in compliance with the plans and specifications. Materials Cold mixed top course Type A or T bituminous concrete shall contain the composition specified by the Standard Standards, as revised, and shall be made and mixed in compliance with the requirements of such specifications. 
Dumping and transportation Trucks used for transport must be in good working order and have leakproof bodies and large canvas covers. Trucks with insulated bodies must be utilized when the ambient temperature is below 60° F. The inside of the body should be thinly covered with soapy water or oil. The paving mixture shall be deposited directly from the mixing chambers into trucks and hauled to the project site. During hauling and handling, the mixture must be maintained clean. Mixtures with crusts or lumps that will not flatten or that stay in part in the truck when the mixture is dumped shall not be used. The mixture must be dumped on platforms made of wood or metal that are at least eight feet by fourteen feet in size. When necessary, the platform must be thinly covered with oil. The rate of dumping must correspond to the rate at which it can be distributed. The temperature of the mixture when spilled must be between 35° F. and 125° F. Base course or intermediate course condition When paving activities are ready to begin, the surface of the base course or intermediate course on which the pavement is to be installed must be clean, dry, and frost-free, and it must be kept that way. Before the paving mixture is put in, the faces of curbs, gutters, iron castings, and other objects inside the pavement area must be painted with asphalt oil grade RC-2. Joints Unless rope joints are used, the previously constructed pavement's edges must be trimmed straight and painted with RC-2 before the new top material is installed. 
Spreading and finishing by machine
- Unless otherwise specified in the additional specifications, grade control side forms and machine spreading and finishing shall be employed. The side forms must be made of steel and of an approved design, and they must be securely fixed with stakes; nevertheless, steel side forms may be omitted:
(1) When conditions would preclude the use of side forms, eight-inch-wide strips of the specified bituminous concrete may first be constructed to the proper grade in accordance with these specifications, so that they form part of the finished pavement and may be used as side forms, and they shall be armored with suitable bearing plates if necessary. (2) When suitable abutting curbs or headers are available for use as side forms, they must be armored with suitable bearing plates. (3) When the base course is parallel to the finished surface course and is laid within the tolerance limits of the surface course, provided that the machine's wheelbase is not less than 10 feet or the screed is controlled by a support that is not less than 10 feet in length, and that the wheelbase or support is in complete and continuous contact with the base course or newly struck-off surface so that the mixture is struck off at the proper grade without manufactory intervention. No grade control forms are required for the controlled end when the equipment is developed so that one end vehicles on side forms and the other end and the entire strike-off is managed and held at degree by an authorized balancing device set up so that the operator can optimistically and accurately maintain the assembly level. The spreading and finishing equipment must be of an approved kind, with an adjustable floating screed sitting on or controlled by the side forms in terms of elevation. Blade graders are not permitted. The screed must be able to generate a final surface as indicated below without tearing, pushing, or scraping the pavement course. Any equipment that does not generate a satisfactory final pavement must be replaced. 
- The bituminous mixture shall be distributed and finished to the true grade, contour, thickness, and weight using the mechanical equipment described above.
Spreading and finishing by hand When machine spreading is not required and the pavement margins are not next to curbs or headers, six-inch planks of the pavement's thickness shall be laid and fixed in place along the pavement's edges, and they must remain until the pavement is completed. The upper course should be laid out in a single layer. Rolling
- Three-wheel power-driven rollers with a pressure of not less than 330 pounds per linear inch of rear wheel tread shall be utilized for rolling, with tandem rollers weighing not less than eight tons. One three-wheel and one tandem roller should be used when not more than 1,200 square yards of worn surface are laid per day.
- The rolling process should begin as soon as the substance has hardened sufficiently to ensure proper stability. The rolling should begin in a longitudinal manner with the three-wheel rollers, progressing toward the center from each edge. Each trip's rolling should overlap the preceding path by roughly half the width of the roller, and each trip should be somewhat varied in duration. The rolling pace per roller shall be no more than 150 square yards of surface per hour. Following that, the longitudinal rolling and lateral rolling with the tandem roller must be continued.
- The roller wheels must be kept clean and oiled in the manner specified by the Borough Engineer. Tampers must be used to compact areas that are unreachable to rollers.
- Roll the surface course until it is completely compacted. The surface adjacent to masonry, manholes, and similar structures shall be 1/4 inch above the level of such structures.
- Immediately following the completion of the rolling of the top course, unless otherwise specified, it shall be covered with stone sand at a rate of five pounds per square yard and re-rolled.
Weight The top course must weigh 100 pounds per square yard per inch of thickness based on unit sizes of no more than 1,000 square yards. The finished pavement The final pavement must be free of waves, depressions, and projections measuring more than 3/16 inch with a ten-foot straight edge. The pavement must be consistent in density and structure, well bonded, watertight, free of porous and rough places, and graded and contoured properly. construction season Between May 1 and December 1, bituminous concrete surfaces must be built. They shall not be laid if it is raining or if the temperature is below 40° F. For more information or inquiries on raw bitumen used for road construction, feel free to contact us. Our sales executives are ready to answer all your questions and give you all the necessary details regarding your inquiry.