A deposit of sand or sandstone that has been saturated with a highly viscous natural bitumen is referred to as tar sand, but it is also known as bituminous sand. The types of oil that is extracted from tar sands is frequently referred to as synthetic crude, and it has the potential to be an important fossil fuel. It is generally accepted that bitumen deposits, along with those of other heavy hydrocarbons, are the deteriorated remains of conventional (light-to-medium) oil accumulations. Degradation occurs in conventional oil when it rises to the surface, where it comes into contact with rainwater that contains oxygen and bacteria at temperatures lower than 93 degrees Celsius (200 degrees Fahrenheit). As a consequence of this, a substance resembling tar is produced at the point where the oil and water meet, and it eventually spreads throughout the entire oil pool. The solution process is used to extract the lighter fractions of crude oil, while bacteria living in the water are responsible for the extraction of the paraffin. 
When large deposits of tar sands are found in close proximity to the earth's surface, open-pit mining techniques can be used to extract the sands. After the tar sand has been extracted, the bitumen must be cleaned, concentrated, and separated from the sand before it can be used. This crude bitumen is refined in a specialized coking unit, which generates a mixture of lighter hydrocarbon fractions in order to produce synthetic crude, naphtha, kerosene, and gas oil. The bitumen is also upgraded during this process. The Athabasca River valley in Western Canada is home to the largest tar sand deposits on the entire planet. The only commercial projects that are currently being carried out for the purpose of producing synthetic oil from tar sands are located in the Athabasca region.
types of bitumen
Bitumen is available in numerous varieties and types, including Road Construction Bitumen, Industrial Bitumen, Polymer Modified Bitumen, Bitumen Emulsion, Penetration Grade Bitumen, Oxidized Bitumen Grades, and Cut Back Bitumen. Road Construction Asphalt Bitumen is widely utilized for the construction of roads and highways. There are numerous varieties of bitumen for road construction, which are distinguished by their penetration and softening point. 
100/150 and 160/200 have lower softening points, breaking points, and viscosity. Only road construction bitumen 160/220 is non-oxidizing. All other bitumen from 20/30 to 100/150 are oxidized. Industrial bitumen Industrial bitumen must contain 60-70% bitumen and 30.40% oil. Adding oil components increases penetration. Bitumen has several industrial uses. It's water-, chemical-, and wear-resistant. Industrial bitumen is used in construction for insulation, roof cardboards, impregnation, plumbing protection, waterproof paper manufacture, electro-industry, rubber industry, protection coats, sealing masses, etc. Polymer modified bitumen Bitumen needs polymers to improve its impact resistance, cohesiveness, breaking resistance, and elasticity. Polymers shouldn't improve bitumen's viscosity. Chemical compatibility between bitumen and polymers prevents phase separation. 
Styrene-butadiene-styrene is the finest polymer. Bitumen emulsion Bitumen emulsion is the mixture of bitumen, water, and emulsion agent. Bitumen emulsions are used cold during road construction and for industrial purposes. Emulsions have to be stable inside the storage and during transportation, and they also have to have defined viscosity in order to prevent bursting. Penetration bitumen Penetration and softening point tests define penetration-grade bitumen. 40/60 pen bitumen has a penetration of 40 to 60 and a softening point of 480C to 560C. Oxidized bitumen Oxidized bitumen is used in roofing, flooring, mastics, pipe coatings, paints, etc. Softening point and penetration tests also identify them. Cut back bitumen Cutback bitumen is made by combining 70/100 pen or 160/220 pen bitumen with kerosene. This ingredient helps moisten aggregate and prevents water-induced binder peeling.
bitumen uses
Bitumen and its varieties are an essential material to human beings and have many uses. 
Asphalt is a material that is indispensable to our contemporary way of life. Bitumen is a fundamental component of asphalt, which is the material that is utilized in the building of roadways. In addition to this, it is utilized to connect the various streets that make up our cities and to traverse the vast distances that exist between cities, countries, and even continents. It serves as the foundation for travel, whether for business or pleasure, as well as for the tourist and logistics industries. However, bitumen is required for any and all construction and infrastructure projects, regardless of how large or little they may be. This is true even for the smallest of endeavors. Without bitumen, the world would look and feel very different; our cities and homes would have a totally different appearance, and our lives would be significantly less mobile and connected to one another. On an annual basis, the research and development efforts of the bitumen industry find new uses and applications for this valuable resource. The resource's adaptability is shown by the various uses and applications that can be found. A wide range of additional benefits, including the following, are associated with bitumen, in addition to its adaptability and versatility. In addition to being sturdy and long-lasting, it is also quite easy to set up and employ, and there are no risks involved at all. It is a fantastic contender for use in forward-thinking construction and infrastructure projects because it does not require any form of maintenance and can be recycled in its entirety.
bitumen roof
The built-up roofing (BUR) technology was updated using modified bitumen, which was invented in Europe in the 1960s. Modified bitumen is also known as modified bitumen. 
A single-ply system comprised of asphalt bitumen that has been changed with polymers and reinforced with fiberglass or polyester, modified bitumen flat roofing is a type of modified bitumen roofing. It is constructed using a one-of-a-kind combination of layers that, when combined, contribute to the roof's increased efficiency. This combination of components is what offers modified bitumen its distinct competitive advantages, which are unrivaled by the majority of other roofing systems. It is easily applied and installed and can be easily repaired too. This kind of roofing is also resistant to leaks and water, resistant to extreme heat and UV, resistant to tear and corrosion, and environmentally friendly. However, there are some disadvantages to this beneficial material. The lifespan of modified bitumen is anywhere between 10 and 20 years. Even though it isn't the cheapest option out of all the materials that may be used for roofing, it is still one of the more affordable choices. Also, Flat roofs without sufficient drainage will accumulate water. Modified Bitumen wears faster than TPO or PVC when this happens. Using a blow torch to install Modified Bitumen sheets is a reliable procedure. 
This releases hazardous vapors if touched. Despite competition from TPO and PVC flat roofing options, modified bitumen roofing has remained a trustworthy option. Low maintenance, dependability, and eco-friendliness make them popular. Installation and durability are concerns.
what is bitumen made of
Bitumen is a nonvolatile, thick liquid. Bitumen is a complex colloid system whose chemical properties are determined by those of the crude oil from which it is derived. Bitumen is made of small asphalt particles in an oil-based colloid (dispersion agent). Bitumen is a combination of hydrocarbons containing molecules of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. The majority of bitumen's hydrocarbons are condensed aromatic rings and naphthene, with a few paraffin side chains. 75-85 percent of the mass fraction is comprised of hydrocarbons, whereas 2-8 percent is made up of oxygen, 9-10 percent of hydrogen, 0.1-0.5 percent of nitrogen, and 5-7 percent of sulfur. Bitumen can be totally or partially dissolved by a variety of organic solvents. 
Maltenes or Petrolane refers to bitumen fractions that have been dissolved in a solvent, while asphaltites refer to undissolved fractions. Maltenes are an oil- and resin-based dispersion agent. The degree of asphaltene dispersion mostly determines the physical properties of bitumen. Contains maltenes. It progressively softens as it is heated. Bitumen can be obtained in numerous ways, depending on the economics of particular operations under present conditions. By processing an acceptable atmospheric residue, the vacuum distillation unit produces the bulk of bitumen. Bitumen is a byproduct of vacuum distillation, and the composition of the heavy oil distillates determines its hardness. In addition to vacuum residue, additional raw materials for bitumen manufacturing include asphalt from DE asphalting, slurry oil, and extract from solvent extraction. Various bitumen kinds are generated when asphalt, slurry oil, and extract are combined with vacuum residue collected from a specific source material and subsequently oxidized in air. Bitumen is used for road building and isolation; thus, it must adhere well to different substrates. Chemical composition, viscosity, and substrate qualities affect adhesion. Specific heat and thermal conductivity of bitumen are significant in insulating materials. 
properties of bitumen
the following values are properties of bitumen: Adhesion Adhesion Depending on the surface, bitumen can adhere in a fluid condition to a solid surface. Water-resistant Bitumen is insoluble in water and can function as a water-resistant sealant. Inorganic salts in bitumen or filler can absorb water under certain conditions. Hardness: Bitumen's hardness can be measured by the penetration test and temperature. Hot climates need lower-quality bitumen. viscosity and flow Bitumen's viscosity and flow depending on temperature, speed, and load size. Viscoelastic indicates that external forces cause elastic and plastic deformation. Bitumen becomes viscous under high temperatures and long-term loading. Softening point Bitumen with a low softening point melts and flows in the summer due to heat and traffic. 
High-softening-point bitumen melts at higher temperatures and has improved rutting resistance. Softening point value should be higher than pavement temperature otherwise bitumen in the layer softens and comes out. These material properties are lab-tested. Ductility To measure ductility in bitumen a 1 in2 briquette is placed in a 77°F tester. Bitumen ductility ranges from 0 to 150. If bitumen is ductile, film and coating production is easy. Durability Bitumen durability refers to field resistance to oxidative hardening. In-service bitumen hardens through reaction over time. With oxygen in the air, high levels of hardening can result in early binder embrittlement and surface failure leading to cracking and chip loss. Bitumen can last 20 years if well-maintained. Bitumen's thermoplastic properties and adaptability make it easy to use in various applications. It liquefies when heated, making spreading easier, and hardens when cooled. Economical: Bitumen is utilized as a key road construction material because it is cheaper than other binder materials practically everywhere, making it feasible and inexpensive. Strength: While coarse aggregates are a pavement's principal load-bearing component, bitumen or asphalt helps distribute traffic loads to the layers below.
bitumen emulsion
Bitumen emulsion consists of a mixture of small droplets of bitumen and water. However, as a petroleum product, bitumen does not mix with water and, due to its viscous character, does not easily disperse into fine droplets. 
Emulsifiers are employed to solve this issue. Emulsifiers consist of surface-active agents. By preventing it from combining with other droplets, emulsifiers retain bitumen in its droplet form. Due to the small size of the droplets, they float in water. Thus, bitumen emulsion is a dispersed liquid made up of three components: water, bitumen, and emulsion. Bitumen emulsion is produced in two straightforward procedures. First, the water is mixed with the proper emulsifier and other chemical agents. The ionic nature of the mixture dictates the choice of emulsifier. Then, in a colloidal mill, bitumen is mixed with a water-emulsifier mixture. The amount of bituminous to be added to a bitumen emulsion is dictated by its intended use. If it is utilized for essential tasks, the percentage can range between 60 and 70 percent. The average bitumen percentage is between 40 and 70 percent. The colloidal mill breaks down the bitumen into small droplets. The typical size of bitumen droplets is roughly 2 millimeters. Nevertheless, the droplets attempt to combine and settle. The emulsifier, however, generates a coating of surface charge around bitumen droplets, which keeps the droplets separated while also keeping them distributed and suspended. Fill out the inquiry form so that our sales representatives can provide you with the best assistance possible with your purchase.
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