This article will provide you with the fundamental information necessary to successfully plan, select, and installation guide a submersible water system, which is powered by solar energy. The designer of a solar pump system is responsible for ensuring that all of the system's components work together cohesively, therefore they designed a backup battery. There are three initial pieces that make up a solar water pump system: a solar panel, a pump controller, and an electric water pump (motor and pump). Motors and pumps are typically considered to be a single unit because they are directly connected to one another by a shaft. However, belts or gears may occasionally be employed to connect the motor and pump shafts together. The term "water pump" will be used throughout this guide to refer to the combined motor and pump unit. This design guideline, in contrast to previous design guidelines, does not explain how these three components have to be scaled and proportioned to one another. 
This is already taken care of by the companies that produce and provide solar water pumps. Knowledge of the location is the most important factor that must be considered when designing and choosing a solar water pump system, including but not limited to the following:
- Radiation from the Sun;
- The amount of water that requires to be pumped every day.
- The entire head.
The vertical height (hydrostatic head) at which water must be pushed and the design volume of water that must actually be pumped per unit time are the two factors that contribute to the total dynamic head, also known as the effective head. The total dynamic head is the same as the effective head (gallons per minute or liters per minute). The dimensions of the pipe, or friction head, that is used to transport water from its point of origin to its ultimate destination, including its length and diameter (often a water reservoir). A manufacturer or provider of solar water pumps will either have a chart or computer software that specifies the flow rate that may be expected from a solar water pump system at a given elevation given the available amount of sunlight at that location. The following are some of the abilities that a "solar water pump designer" should have: 
- Determination of the amount of sunlight that hits the place each day.
- You should calculate how much water you require at any given time, often on a daily basis.
- A measurement of the height at rest.
- Determine the required length of the hose.
- Determine the type of pipe and its diameter that best fits your needs.
- Determine the total friction loss (friction load) for the pipe that was used, taking into account its type, size, and length.
- Determine the total dynamic load that will be placed on the site.
- To choose the solar water pump system that is most suited to your needs, consult the data sheet or software provided by the manufacturer.
Solar water pumps have a wide range of potential uses; this is made possible by the fact that they can be enhanced with other features, such as energy storage or alternative forms of electricity generation, to broaden their applicability. However, only solar systems fall under the purview of this particular regulation. The provision of drinking water to communities, individual residences, and resorts are typical applications for these. Other possible applications include the irrigation of agricultural crops and the watering of animals. 
Storage in the form of water tanks, which are frequently elevated to provide delivery pressure, has largely replaced battery storage in most of these systems. Battery storage is rarely employed in these kinds of systems. In its most basic form, a solar water pump can be broken down into three main parts. A pump control system can be as straightforward as an on/off switch or as intricate as an electronic unit consisting of a motor and pump. Either way, the simplest form of the system is an on/off switch. In actual use, however, they are treated as a single unit and are referred to in these rules in an umbrella sense as "water pumps" or "solar water pumps." The following is a list of the diverse configurations that can be specified for the system:
- The provision of power to the pump (DC or AC).
- The installation of a water pump (submerged, floating or surface).
- Classification of the water pump (rot dynamic or volumetric).
Both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) pumps are options for a solar water pump. A maximum power point tracker, also known as an MPPT, is often included in the "pump controller" of a DC-powered pump system. This parts job is to ensure that the solar array is supplying electricity at its peak power point. 
An MPPT and a DC-to-AC inverter are both components of the "pump controller" for an AC-powered pump system. These components are used to power the AC electric motor that is integrated into the water pump. In order to power three-phase motors, large-scale systems require inverters that operate in three phases. There are three different kinds of solar water pump systems, which are as follows:
- Pumps for boreholes and wells (submersible).
- Surface pump.
- Floating pump.
It is considered that the first two are the most popular in the Pacific, and this guideline outlines how to determine dynamic loading for the various types of systems that are used.
- Boreholes and wells that are outfitted with submersible pumps are the two types of water sources that are utilized the most frequently in the Pacific. The solar water pump used in these systems is installed within the borehole or well itself. These pumps are typically obtainable for wells measuring 100 millimeters (4 inches) and 150 millimeters (6 inches) in diameter. Solar panels are typically installed at or very close to the top of wells, and the water is typically pumped into storage tanks. In most cases, the solar field is where the pump controls are located. A cable that is waterproof runs between the pump and the pump controller to connect the two.
- It is crucial that the installation of the solar pump system be carried out in a risk-free manner and in line with the instructions provided by the equipment manufacturer. Many solar pump manufacturers and suppliers offer a completely integrated system that consists of the grid, pump controller, wires/cables between the water pump, and so on. This makes the system electrically simple and easy to plug in and play. Only the water lines, accompanying fittings, and the hardware required to establish the network frame are the components that the system installer is responsible for supplying when using these systems. We are able to supply the electrical wiring, but the person who will be installing the system needs to have a solid understanding of the fundamentals behind the use of solar electricity.
- Electrical work on any portion of the system with voltages greater than 120 VDC or 50 VRMS AC must be undertaken by a licensed electrician or another individual who is similarly qualified in some of the countries that make up the Pacific Islands. Any additional electrical wiring to that which is supplied with the system, in addition to the electrical wiring that was supplied with the system, should be done by someone who possesses the appropriate national qualifications. Since many large water pump systems operate on 120V DC or more, this is the case.
- According to the National Electrical Code, countries in the Pacific that observe this standard describe extremely low voltage as being less than 60 VDC. In countries of the Pacific where the power grid operates at greater voltages, it is imperative to use the utmost caution and to never touch live wires.
- Even in the wee hours of the morning or late at night, solar panels will always produce their maximum voltage when they are exposed to sunshine. It is not a safe approach to attempt to cover them (for example, with blankets) in order to prevent epidemics.
- At all times, live cables must be assumed to be present in all cables.