Nanotechnology is one of the most important tools in modern agriculture, and Agri-food nanotechnology is expected to become a driving economic force of production in the near future. Agri-food topics focus on the sustainability and protection of food produced in agriculture, including crops for human consumption and animal feed. Nanotechnology offers new agrochemical agents and new delivery mechanisms to improve crop yields and promises to reduce pesticide use. Nanotechnology can boost agricultural production and its applications include: 1) Nano formulations of agrochemicals for the use of pesticides and fertilizers to improve crops 2) Application of nanosensors/Nano biosensors in crop protection to identify diseases and agricultural chemical residues 3) Nano-devices for genetic manipulation of plants 4) Diagnosis of plant diseases 5) Animal health, animal husbandry, poultry production 6) Post-harvest handling. Precision farming techniques can be used to further improve crop yields, but without harming soil and water, reduce nitrogen loss due to leaching and emissions, and improve long-term nutrient uptake by soil microorganisms. Uses of nanotechnology include nano-gene transfer or DNA transfer into plants to develop insect-resistant varieties, food processing and storage, nano-food additives, and increased product shelf life. 
Nanotechnology promises to accelerate the development of biomass production technologies for fuel. Experts believe that the potential benefits of nanotechnology in agriculture, food, fisheries and aquaculture must be balanced with concerns about soil, water, the environment and the occupational health of workers. Increasing awareness of nanotechnology in the agri-food sector, including feed and its ingredients, smart packaging and rapid detection systems, is one of the keys to influencing consumer acceptance. Based on a few toxicology studies, concerns have been raised about the safety of nanomaterials, and researchers and companies will need to demonstrate that these nanotechnologies have no further negative impact on the environment. The practice of agriculture, also known as "farming", is the process of producing food, fodder, fiber, and many other desirable products by growing specific plants and raising livestock. Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries and provides food for humans directly and indirectly. The world's population will grow to an estimated 8 billion by 2025 and 9 billion by 2050, and it is widely recognized that global agricultural productivity must increase to feed a rapidly growing world population. Agri-food production is of vital importance, as it has been one of the main drivers of the economy. 
In addition, it can provide methods for value-added crops. Agricultural practices are often in the public eye as climate change, energy and resource constraints, and rapid global population growth are placing unprecedented pressures on food and water resources. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) predicts that an annual meat production of 200 million tons will be required by 2050 to meet the food needs brought about by the increasing world population and this projected increased demand for meat. This puts more pressure on farmland because farmers need to grow crops to produce animal feed. Land for food crops also faces increased competition from the need for crops for other purposes, such as biofuel production and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, food production capacity faces many challenges, including the low ratio of arable land to population. Agriculture as a food source is becoming increasingly important in a world where resources are becoming increasingly scarce and the world's population is constantly growing. Given the increase in the world population, there is a need to use modern technologies such as nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology in agricultural and food sciences. Nanotechnology has tremendous potential to revolutionize agriculture and related fields, including aquaculture and fisheries. 
Currently, nano-agriculture is focused on targeted agriculture, which involves the use of nano-sized particles with unique properties to enhance crop and livestock productivity. The application of nanotechnology in the agricultural and food sectors is relatively recent compared to its use in drug and drug delivery. Food quality, waste minimization for "sustainable intensification". Food and agricultural production are among the most important areas of nanotechnology application.
- Nanotechnology and nanomaterials
The nanoscale refers to size dimensions usually between about 1 and 100 nm (and more appropriately, 0.2 and 100.0 nm) because at this scale the properties of materials differ with respect to their physical, chemical and molecular properties. Those on a larger scale. Scale. One nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Nanotechnology refers to the understanding and control of matter at the nanoscale, where unique phenomena enable new applications. However, limiting the size in nanotechnology to the 1-100 nm range excludes many materials and devices, especially in the pharmaceutical and agricultural fields, and some experts warn against a strict definition based on size less than 100 nm. 
Any form of material that has one or more dimensions on the nanoscale is known as a nanomaterial.
- Natural biological nanoparticles
Natural biological nanoparticles (nanoparticles, carotenoid tomato lycopene, various soil organic matter-derived chemicals, lipoproteins, exosomes, magnetospheres, viruses, and ferritin) have diverse structures with a variety of biological functions. Biological nanoparticles are usually biocompatible and have a reproducible structure. Possible biomedical applications of natural and modified biological nanoparticles have been reported. Animals use nanotechnology, wherein nanostructures help animals climb, slide, camouflage, court, and thrive.
- Nano agrochemicals
Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture to improve crop yield and efficiency. Nano-pesticides are one of the new strategies used to address the issues of non-nano-pesticides. Nano-pesticides cover a wide range of products, some of which are already on the market. They cannot be considered as a single entity; Instead, these nanoassemblies combine several surfactants, polymers (organic), and metallic (inorganic) nanoparticles in the nanometer size range. One of the factors limiting the development of phytosanitary factors is the lack of water solubility. Microencapsulation has been used as a versatile tool for hydrophobic pesticides, which improves their diffusion in aqueous media and allows control of the release of the active compound. Polymers that are often used in the production of nanoparticles have been reported.