One of the widely used types of wire and cable for motorcycle electric system is the low voltage type. Low voltage (LV) cables refer to copper-aluminum cables insulated with various polymers for a voltage of 300 to 3000 volts. In terms of conductor types, these types of cables include fixed cables, single cables, sprayed cables, round semi-conductive cables, sectored semi-conductive cables, and compressed semi-conductive cables. A wide range of these low voltage cables are also available in flame retardant, reinforced, halogen free, hydrocarbon, and oil resistant cables. These cables are designed for the working environment in which they are used. Generally, these cables are used where the electrical flux is within the cable standard or where the mechanical shock is low, while the armored type is usually used where there is a possibility of mechanical damage. Low voltage cables have a very wide and wide range of applications, for example, they can be used in electrical installations, lighting, residential and commercial buildings, the transmission of the driving force for electric motors, etc. This type of cable can be buried in the ground or installed in a channel. In fact, another use for low-voltage cables is the wiring for low-power appliances. Finally, it must be said that depending on the type of cable produced, different uses can be mentioned; in fact, any cable chosen must be fully compatible with the environment in terms of construction and performance. Each cable is made of a different sheath and assigned a different symbol; and in general, low voltage cables have different structures and are used in different places, for example, NYY cables have a copper conductor and the sheath is plastic. 
NKBA cables have a copper conductor with a sheath made of paper, a sheath made of lead, steel, gold and a sheath made of vegetable fibers. When choosing a cable type, it is necessary to specify the type and use it under appropriate conditions. The conductors of high-voltage or HV cables are aluminum or copper, insulated with XLPE, and are typically used for voltages above 36 kW. Now we will examine the difference between low voltage and high voltage cables: The main difference between these two cable models is that they have different constructions. Basically, in a high-voltage or high-voltage cable, two inner and outer semiconducting layers can be seen, if these layers are not present in the structure of the low-voltage cable. The next difference between these cables is their type of insulation. In general, the insulation in low-voltage cables is of the polymer type, while cross-linked polyethylene is used for high-voltage cables. Basically, due to the use of this insulation, several semi-conducting layers can be observed, which in the construction of high-voltage cables isolate the electric field inside the cable, and external currents will not be able to affect the internal electric field. Another difference between these cables is their thickness. Their thickness will vary depending on the type of insulation used; generally, high voltage cables are thicker than low voltage cables and end up being heavier. 
Low voltage cable for motorcycle
The low voltage wire and cable are used for transmitting the electricity to different components of a motorcycle. When it comes to your motor power, the words "watts", "volts" and "ohms" can really confuse you. In order to solve electrical problems with a motor, you must be familiar with the basic and important physical terms and principles of electrical systems. Here we will explain the basics of electric motor systems and address common concerns about working on motorcycle electrical systems. Current flow in a motorcycle DC system is the migration of negatively charged electrons from the negative terminal of a power source (such as a battery) to the positive terminal through cables and consumers (such as light bulbs). With alternating current, the direction of the current changes constantly. For example, non-rectified current flows from the generator to the motor's voltage regulator/rectifier unit, where it is rectified and then fed into the electrical DC system. This can be explained by comparing the amperage and effect of the conductors by comparing the flow of water in a pipe. The water pressure at the end of the pipe depends on its diameter, the higher the water source and the larger the pipe diameter, the higher the water pressure. For power, the cross-section of the connected power cable corresponds to the diameter of the pipe. The thicker and shorter the cable, the more efficiently it conducts current, so the less "resistance" the current encounters. The longer and thinner the cable, the greater its "resistance". It depends on material, cross-section, length and temperature. Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω) and uses the formula symbol R. This cable is made of metal and does not conduct current very smoothly. If the cable is too thin or corroded, it can get very hot and even burn the insulation (the cable catches fire). Use electrical fuses to prevent this type of damage. 
They act as preset breakpoints on mechanical parts, such as opening a circuit in the event of a short circuit. As a result, they prevent damage to batteries and electrical components as well as cable fires. In addition to ensuring that the cable is thick enough for the respective application, contacts such as clamps and connectors must be free of corrosion and dirt to keep the contact resistance as low as possible. The use of terminal blocks and branch plugs on the motor should be avoided as far as possible. Because they increase cable resistance for no reason and do not create a secure and vibration-resistant connection. The minus/ground wire must be of the same quality as the plus wire. Voltage is the potential difference between the negative and positive terminals. The battery is charged by the charger or alternator, this is called the engine's "alternator". It generates a voltage through the rotational movement of an electric coil in a magnetic field. Another important factor in a circuit is amplifiers. It is measured in amperes (A) and the formula symbol is I. Amperes express how many electrons flow through the cross section/resistance of a conductor (power line) at a given time. In a circuit, current only flows when that circuit is also closed. A circuit basically consists of a voltage source, cables, and one or more consumers. A single conductor system is commonly used in motorcycles, ie. The cable connects the positive terminal of the battery to the corresponding consumer (e.g. light) through a switch (e.g. ignition). 
The return path is provided by the jumper wire and the motorcycle's metal frame called the ground wire, which connects to the battery's negative terminal. If the ignition is turned off, the battery is disconnected from the electric circuit to the electric motor and the electric motor stops working. Motorcycle electricity is divided into several circuits. Motorcycles are not approved for road use if they do not have the following circuits:
- The circuit charges the battery through the alternator and the voltage regulator/rectifier.
- The ignition circuit supplies power to the ignition unit, ignition coil, and spark plug.
- The lighting circuit powers the headlights, instrumentation, and taillights.
There are also other smaller independent circuits. Brake lights are activated by front and rear brake light switches, turn signals, lights, horns and sometimes hazard lights. Modern motorcycles are equipped with a large number of additional circuits, such as water cooling of the engine for thermostat control and its fan, as well as computer-aided injection electronics with various sensors or brake assist (ABS). In order to reduce the wiring costs of the engine computer's electrical system as well as to facilitate the connection of additional components, the use of the so-called CAN-bus technology is becoming more and more popular for connecting electronic components via short burrs to common data lines. 
Low voltage wire for motorcycle
As it was mentioned, in the electric system of a motorcycle, the low voltage cable and wire are used popularly for providing electric power to some components like the heading light and brake light. In fact, different wires in different models of motorcycles have different functions represented by their wire colors. Therefore, among the regular blue, green, and gray wires, it is not easy to directly determine which one is the wiring for the brake light. Of the three wires, however, it is more likely that the green wire is the ground wire. To determine which the brake cable is, look at the wires to the front brake switch or the rear brake switch. If there is a blue line, then the blue line is the brake. Light wire, if there is a gray wire, then the gray wire is the brake light wire. Or by looking at the headlight wires you can determine which one is the running light wire and the other is the brake light wire. Motorcycles on the market generally have three wires, and the black wire is generally the normal wire, which is the negative pole of the power supply. There are also two wires, one is the drive wire and the other is the brake wire, which is the positive pole of the power supply. We can try to connect the battery first, determine the definition of the line, and then connect the car, but pay attention to the insulation of the end of the line during this process. 
Since there are so many lines on the motorcycle? Actually not only that. It is complicated to separate steering cables on motorcycles. Take Honda motorcycles as an example. The red and black lines belong to the positive pole of the vehicle. The green line belongs to the negative pole of the entire vehicle. The blue and white lines are the hair reinforcement lines. The black and white line is the flameout line. The yellow line is the rectifier line and the red and black lines are the magneto high voltage lines. The orange wire is the magneto or low voltage wire. The light green wire is the horn wire and the color of the Honda duo accelerator wire is also different. Is the positive and negative polarity of the motorcycle control line also related to the color? That's right because generally, the red is positive and black is negative (that is, the lines we usually call), the red and black lines are the low voltage coil for the ignition or for charging the battery (there are also yellow or white wires from the low voltage coil to the battery is charged and there are batteries or signal lights coming directly into the rectifier The wires for the high voltage pack are generally black and white, the light blue and yellow lines are generally turn signal lines, the headlights are red lines. White) and gray is a small light. Note that all of the above devices have omitted the negative (black wire) or are directly connected to the vehicle's conductive iron.