With the development of technology and innovation of the computers, low voltage wire and cable were used as board connector for transmitting power and data. Cables and connectors are some of the most commonly used components in the manufacture of electronic equipment. In electronic or electrical systems, a cable refers to a conductor or group of conductors used to transmit electrical current or telecommunications signals from one location to another. Electricity or electrical signals are transmitted through flexible fibers of metal (such as aluminum or copper) or glass or plastic. Cables are often designed for equipment or created with a specific end use in mind, and there are many types of electrical cables. Plugs are used where wires are to be connected or disconnected. Like cables, plugs are used in many electronic devices. This is because they have great flexibility. For example, once a printed circuit board is assembled, it can be easily and quickly connected to any system or device thanks to the use of connectors. 
Although the terms wire and cable are often used interchangeably and have similarities, they are not actually the same thing. Wires are used to form cables. Wire has a single conductor that can be stranded or solid, usually copper or aluminum. A cable consists of several conductors in an insulating jacket. Although the conductors in both wire and cable are insulated, the insulation jacket varies. Multiple conductors without insulation around them are technically classified as a single conductor, making it a wire. Before the invention of the microprocessor, computers were built into mainframes with a backplane that had slots to connect components. The backplate is usually located at the back of a computer case, hence the name. Some systems use rails to easily insert daughter cards into slots. The backplane is often preferred over cables because it is more reliable and does not require the cables to be bent each time a card is added to an expansion slot. Eventually the cable will wear out from constant bending. The life of a backplane is related to the life of its connectors. Backplanes are also used to store devices on servers. Hot-swappable storage devices can be removed and replaced from the backplane without shutting down the system. In addition, backplanes are used for disk arrays and disk enclosures to power disk drives. 
Low voltage cable for board connector
The low voltage wire and cable as the connector for transmitting data and power can come in three different types. Board to board, wire to board, and wire to wire. A wire-to-wire connector is used to connect two wire end connectors. They are used as electrical plugs, electronic plugs and computer plugs. General specifications for wire-to-wire connectors include mating combination or gender, number of circuits or positions, and wire size. Male-to-wire connectors are designed to connect to female-to-wire connectors. Typically, wire-to-wire connectors have between 1 and 50 circuits or positions. Wire size is usually measured in American Wire Gauge (AWG), which is the standard for conductor size in non-ferrous metal wires. The term "gauge" refers to the diameter of the thread. The higher the number of gauges, the smaller the diameter and the finer the thread. In general, thicker wires carry more current because there is less resistance over a given length. Other parameters to consider when selecting a wire-to-wire connector include durability, pitch or center-to-center distance, plating material, orientation, and temperature range. Specification Wire-to-wire connectors have electrical and mechanical specifications. Electrical specifications include maximum current, maximum voltage, withstand voltage, contact resistance, insulation resistance, number of rows or contact points. 
The maximum current or current carrying capacity is in amperes (A) and can vary from 1.0 A to 50. A. Maximum and withstand voltage options include 25 V, 30 V, 100 V, 125 V, 250 V, 300 V, 500, 600 V and 1000 V. Contact resistance is an electrical measurement across or between contact surfaces. Insulation resistance is the ratio of the applied voltage to the total current between two electrodes in contact with a particular insulator. Typically, the number of rows varies from 1 to 4. Mechanical specifications for wire-to-wire connectors include wire pull-out force, maximum mating force, minimum separation force, and minimum normal force Termination method Termination method is an important parameter to consider when choosing a wire-to-wire connector. Options include: Crimp to Crimp, IDC to IDC, FFC/FPC to Crimp, Crimp to IDC, FFC/FPC to IDC, FFC/FPC to FC/FPC, Screw and Quick Release to Quick Release. Crimp termination is a wire-to-wire connection method in which a metal sleeve is attached to a conductor by mechanical crimping. Insulation displacement connection (IDC) technology forces insulated conductors into slots smaller than the diameter of the conductor. Flat Flex Cable (FFC) can be smooth or corrugated, but has two flat surfaces. Flat Printed Circuits (FPCs) for wire-to-wire connectors are also common. Screw terminals attach the wires to the power bars, and sometimes a pressure plate is used. Quick connect and disconnect products are easy to assemble without the use of tools. 
Low voltage wire for board connector
As the board connector, the low voltage cable and wire can have different models with different specifications. A PCI-e connector is a tool for connecting high-speed devices to the motherboard of a computer system. Every desktop computer system card has a connector called a PCI-e connector. The main purpose of these connectors is to connect graphics cards. Network cards are also located in these connectors. Today, PCI-e connectors are widely used in computer systems. Various tools and equipment can be connected to these connectors. All kinds of wired networking, all kinds of Wi-Fi network cards, all kinds of SSD hard drives, all kinds of powerful graphics cards can be placed in these connectors. The PCI-e connectors are located on the motherboard in different configurations. These configurations are usually calculated based on the speed of the connector. This is why we might have x1, x4, x8, x16, x32 connectors on the motherboard. Each number after the X represents the number of wires and connectors in the connector. In fact, a 1x connector has a wire that transfers 1 bit of data. The x2 connector has two wires for data transfer, and the same goes all the way to the x32 connector. You can put devices with 1x data transfer rate on higher speed connectors, but those devices can only use their rated speed values, leaving the speed of the remaining connectors unused. 
Conversely, if an X8 speed component is mounted on the X4 connector, it will only use the X4 speed value and the component's speed will be halved. Today, the fastest devices for connectors are graphics cards that run at X16 speed. Today, the PCI-e connector standard has been used in three different generations, with the first generation of PCI connectors known as PCIe 1.0 connectors. This generation of connectors has very little speed and power. The graphics cards released in this generation are small in size and have low power consumption. After some time, a new generation of graphics cards was born, with new generation of this connector, this generation is called PCIe 2.0. In this generation, graphics cards have become more powerful and show high speed and capacity. Later, the third generation PCI-e connector was born and we saw the powerful existence of superpower graphics cards. The speed of these graphics cards is staggering. As of 2017, a new generation of PCI-e connectors called PCIe 4.0 is in operation. These connectors are capable of transferring 64 GB, which is the best in its class. The process of upgrading the speed of PCI-e connectors continues and we are currently in the fifth generation of these connectors. In 2019, the fifth generation PCIe 5.0 connector was officially unveiled, which is capable of transferring data at 128 GB/s. 
Due to the increased speed of the new generation of connectors, the need for electrical connectors is felt to provide the power and current required by hardware components such as graphics cards. For this reason, the new generation of plugs has a separate power input that receives this power directly from the power system. Today, 6-pin PCI-e connectors and 6+2-pin PCI-e connectors are used for advanced motherboards. The number of pins actually represents the base pins to which these connectors are electrically connected. Connecting a separate power supply to these connectors means that these connectors have very high power and current consumption, so they require a separate power supply supplied directly through the power system and directly connected to the hardware section. Today, the fifth generation connector known as PCIe 5.0 requires a lot of power input to the system.