Farm leveling equipment always improves water efficiency, labor and energy use. Grading however, can be one of the most troublesome traditional practices to use in the field, and there are several things to consider before undertaking a landscaping project. Major topographic changes will almost always reduce yields in open areas until fertility is restored. Similarly, the movement of equipment can compact or compact the soil to such an extent that water infiltration becomes a major problem over time. A farmer has many activities that contribute to his productivity and thus require his skills and labor power. The irrigation system must be designed according to his/her needs. 
A highly leveled field is generally easier to irrigate than a field where faults require special attention. This is the process of ensuring that the depth and variation of the flow in the field is the same and, therefore, the same distribution of water. These field operations are required almost every harvest season, especially when extensive post-harvest plowing disturbs the surface of the field. Preparing the surface of the field for the supply and distribution of irrigation water is as important to surface irrigation as any other management technique used by the farmer. New equipment is being introduced all the time, which allows for more accurate ground leveling operations. One of the most important achievements has been the adaptation of laser control to leveling devices. Equipment has made horizontal basin irrigation particularly attractive as the final slope of the field can be very precise. Comparisons with inaccurate methods have clearly shown that fields with a laser level achieve better irrigation and productivity. 
However, for intensive irrigation agriculture, laser-guided precision is not possible due to the high cost of such equipment, unless a large number of farmers establish cooperatives or a government program is established with subsidized land equalization as one of the elements in the experiment. improve agricultural production. Vertical measuring equipment in geodesy is divided into two, but other instruments still exist. The two main balancing devices are: - Measurement by geodetic standards - Barometric - pressure instruments These two main groups of tools are used exclusively to determine vertical and horizontal levels or elevations. There are four types of surveying levels: Dumpy Level: The first type has eyesight. The ladder is mounted on a tripod and, depending on the type, rough or smooth, using foot screws. The operator looks into the eyepiece of the telescope, and an assistant holds a tape measure or graduated ruler vertically on the measuring point. Instrument and personnel are used to collect or report heights during site surveys. The measurement usually starts from a reference point with a known height determined from a preliminary survey, or from an arbitrary point with an assumed height. 
Self Level: An independent level is similar to a tilting level, except that it does not have a micrometer screw. Instead, the self-leveling level has an internal compensating mechanism (oscillating prism or pendulum) which, when placed close to the level, automatically corrects any remaining level deviations. This directly reduces the need to adjust the instrument for calibration, as is the case with variable and slope levels. Self-aligning instruments are the most preferred diagnostic instruments due to their ease of use and minimal set-up time. Digital Level: A digital electronic level is another leveling tool, which is usually mounted on a tripod, and reads barcoded staff using electronic laser techniques. The height of the staff where the level beam interacts with the staff is shown on the digital display. This type of standard eliminates human interpretation of calibration, thereby eliminating a source of error and improving accuracy. The level rod or level Staff: Leveling staff or leveling staff are qualified staff of wood or aluminum, the use of which allows you to determine the difference in metric graduation, as the left and imperial rod on the right level can be stable, but most of them are partial and can. shortening for storage and shipping or lengthening for use. The aluminum rods can be adjusted in length by inserting parts into each other, while the parts of the wooden rods are attached to each other by sliding joints. or spline connections. Aneroid Barometers: 
Vertical measurements can be estimated by finding the difference in barometric pressure at two altitudes. The differences are measured by aneroid barometers and hypsometers. Aneroid barometers are devices in which changes in atmospheric pressure cause the needle to move in scale. Instruments of this type, intended for observation, are called altimeters. The difference between the two readings must be corrected for the unit weight of the air, which is estimated from the barometric pressure, temperature and humidity. Hypsometers: Hypsometer is a device for measuring height or height. Many different physical principles can be used. A simple measuring scale allows the height of a building or tree to be measured by pointing the ruler towards the base and above the object being measured, when the distance from the object to the observer is known. The device consists of a cylindrical vessel in which the liquid boils, and is crowned with a layer of jacket, in the outer parts of which the steam circulates, and a thermometer is placed in the middle. Plane table: Usually, sa flat table is placed on the point and brought to the actual horizontal level. Drawing paper is attached to the surface and an alidade is used to observe objects of interest. Alidade, which is a modern example of a tool, a "rule" with a telescopic sight, can be used to draw a line on the drawing in the direction of the object of interest. Using the alidade as a surveying standard, site location information can be recorded directly on the drawing as elevations. The distance of objects can be measured directly or using a mark on an alidade telescope.
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