1000 tons of raisins are produced up in the world.Kakheti and Como Kartli had different are kinds of dried raisins (raisins). Grapes were oven dried (Javakhishvili, 1934). Raisins are mainly grown in Southern Europe, Asia, South Africa, Australia and the United States. Among the CIS countries, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan are the largest producers. Unfortunately, raisins are not produced in Georgia. Imported from other countries. This speaks to the need to find ways to explain the exorbitant prices on the market and produce it. Raisins are different from regular raisins. Seedless grapes, seedless chamichi. Sakimish grapes have a soft texture, pleasant aroma, large or very small seeds, and low storage viscosity. In general, grapes must be dried to obtain both raisins and chamichi. The drying of Sakimish grapes is done artificially and naturally. Natural drying takes place outdoors and in the sun. This rule is adopted when hot summers, long hot, dry autumns, and relatively low relative humidity are typical.
Artificial drying takes place in special sheds built on the basis of the need for an area of 0.6 hectares to store 100 tons of grapes (Jacob). Stop watering two weeks before harvest to increase yield and improve the quality of the dried product. It is harvested when the sugar content of the Sachamik variety reaches 23-25%, Sachamik - 22-23%. Raisins on the world market are mainly obtained from his three grape varieties: white oval, blackcurrant and Alexandrian Muscat. In addition to the listed varieties, there are Moldovan grapes, Macheta, red Turkmen and Perle (early varieties). Kashur, Siranoush, Esker, Black Raisin, Viera Raisin, Zarabshan Raisin, Irtysha Raisin (average ripening period). Georgia had his four types of sahamichi: Mezalia, Mahargiri, Kishri Tetri and Serk Esvi (Bibilashvili, 1971).Of all the varieties mentioned, you can choose for distribution in Georgia those that are most suitable for the agro-climatic conditions of our country. As autumn brings shorter days, cooler temperatures and more rainfall, Sakimish needs to ripen early to allow the grapes to dry out well. An oval white grape variety with a global standard and at the same time an average ripening period was selected for the study. If the agroclimatic indicators of our country correspond to the soft-ripe varieties of Sakimi, then the early varieties will be more favorable. According to our research, this variety only needs an activation temperature of 3000 for up to 160 days for the period from vine bud maturity to full maturity. To obtain a sugar content of 18% in the grapes, it is necessary to collect 1150 0 in the period after flowering, achieve 23% - 1400 0 and 25% - a maximum of 1700 0 of total activity temperature.
White oval grapes, without pretreatment with special solutions, 12 days at an average temperature of 26.7, 20 days at an average temperature of 0.210, 40 days at an average temperature of 15.6, 40 days in the sun. Grapes should be harvested at least until mid-September to dry in the sun. The monthly precipitation in Shahrivar is harmful, especially when it exceeds 2.5 mm, or when it rains for 3 consecutive days. A table is shown below. Figure 1 shows indicators for weather stations in several countries (Spain, Greece, USA) that produce these types of raisins. Also presented are data from meteorological stations in the Bali region of eastern Georgia to search for agroclimatic analogues for raisin production. As can be seen from the table, the flowering of the vines coincides with the days when the average daily temperature drops to 20 degrees from the second half of May (Málaga, Corinth) to his first ten days of June. (Sacramento). and Georgia terms). As you know, Malaga, Corinth and Sacramento celebrate the ripening of the grapes in mid-August. The same findings will have to wait until he arrives in Georgia in early September. This means that during the flowering period until the grapes ripen, the total active temperature is over 2000°C. As mentioned above, to get 23% sugar content in oval white raisins,People use raisins extensively to cure many ailments. Helps treat respiratory conditions: colds, coughs, bronchitis, trachea. For this, 30 grams of raisins are soaked in cold water for 40 minutes. After that, drain the water and eat it all with slightly warm milk before going to bed. Another recipe says that you need to take 100 grams of dried fruit and pour a glass of boiling water. Wait 10 minutes, strain the liquid with a scissor or sieve and add 1 tbsp. fruit juice Take this cough drink 2-3 times a day (0.5 teaspoon 30 minutes before meals). They will take this medicine every day until they are completely cured. Raisins help treat liver diseases (cholestasis, heartburn, itching). For this it is necessary to take 0.5 tbsp. Dry the boneless fruits, rinse and pour hot (boiling) water to the end.
Insist all day. In the morning you need to drink soaked water and eat raisins. After that, the patient should lie on the bed for 2 hours and use the warm heating pad on the right side. This method is intended for a month, once a week. This will clear the bile ducts.Raisins also help bushes. To do this, cut the skin in half and clean the painful areas of the body. Use the medicine until the foam disappears completely. There are folk remedies for heart disease. To prepare it, you need to select, wash and dry 2 kg of seedless raisins. Then divide in two. Take 1 kg of 40 raisins in the morning before meals (30 minutes). The remaining kilograms are eaten on an empty stomach, and the amount of raisins is reduced by one piece per day. This plan allows treatment twice a year. Raisins heal the body from diseases of the digestive system. For this, you can prepare a liquid with oats and raisins. It takes 0.5 seconds. 1.5 tablespoons of washed raisins. oat flakes, water. Boil 1.5 liters of water with oats and raisins, remove from heat, close the lid and leave the soup in a warm place for 3-4 hours. Then strain everything and add the honey already helped 20 times Raisins are raisins. The name derives from the Turkish word meaning "grape". Used for "raw" and cooked foods. The popularity of this food is due to its sweet taste and pleasant aroma, which is often transferred to other foods. production Industrial raisin production includes drying the raisins in direct sunlight, pre-treating the raisins with boiling alkaline solutions and oils to give the final product a more appealing appearance. After drying, they are sorted, cleaned, washed, dried and packaged. The Subza grape is often used to produce raisins in industrial settings.
To make raisins at home, thinly lay out the berries on paper and place them in direct sunlight. Drying takes 20-30 days. If the final product is distinguished by the lack of shine and the presence of a waxy coating. A faster way to prepare raisins at home is to wither the grapes in the oven, since these modern models with the ability to fine-tune ventilation and temperature are the best option. In the first stage, drying occurs at a temperature of 90 degrees with strong moisture removal until the berries lose half their original weight. After that, the temperature drops to 70 degrees. The whole process takes less than 30 hours. testCurrently, there are four popular types of raisins: raisins (vegetable), korinka (vidana, shigan), Oishi raisins, and regular raisins. Raisins are made from sweet green or white seedless grapes. Kolinka is the name of several unnamed raisin varieties, with varying degrees of dark color and sweetness. Raw Stone Raisins are made from Hosseini grapes, known as Lady's Fingers. It is characterized by its large size, sweet taste and many large seeds inside. Regular raisins are medium sized, hollow, and light olive in color. calorie content100 grams of raisins contain approximately 299 calories.structure The chemical composition of raisins is characterized by protein, carbohydrates, fiber, ash, vitamins (A, B9, C, K, H), macro (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, chlorine) and trace elements (iron). You may contain manganese in large quantities). zinc).