There are some apple fruit drop causes and control methods. The Apple cultivation (Malus pumila) is an important process. Apples are eaten fresh, but a small part of the production is made into soups, jellies, canned goods and other items.
The fruit falls on the apple
Apple is a humble fruit crop. One of the biggest problems for apple growers is fruit dropping before they are picked. Some cultivars, such as McIntosh, are particularly susceptible to this problem. It is possible to fall more than 20% in different cultivars, but with cultivars with a good chance it is not uncommon for losses to be more than 50%. A step by step guide to apple fruit causes, control methods.Fruit drop is the shedding or shedding of fruit from a tree branch, due to the separation of a series of cells in the fruit stem as a result of a series of physiological events. There are many reasons why apples fall prematurely; some are part of the normal life cycle. Others indicate pests and environmental impact. In any case, it is very important to determine the cause before it breaks to treat a potential problem. One should know the process of controlling apple fruit fall by learning the reasons and factors behind it. The first fall of apples The first autumn begins immediately after the petals fall from the tree and can last another 2 to 3 weeks. At this stage the apples are not much bigger than a pea when they start to drop. Inadequate pollination is the main cause of apple drop at this stage. 
Most apple varieties produce little or no fruit when studied. They are trying to pollinate another apple variety. Reasons why apple trees bear fruit Apples can have different periods of fruit fall. The first often occurs after the fall of the petal and can last 2 to 3 weeks. The small fruits that fall are those that have not been pollinated, so they do not develop further. Many fruits like to be pollinated by bees. Cold or wet weather during the flowering period can lead to a lack of pollination or a lack of bees. And if there is a frost just before the flower buds open, more fruit may drop. Lack of water can also cause early apple fruit drop, so be sure to maintain a watering and mulching schedule to conserve moisture and regulate soil temperature. Other reasons for eating apples are a little worse. Pest or disease attack can lead to fruit loss. For this reason, it is very important to stick to a pesticide spraying program. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's directions and don't spray when pollination is in progress and you don't want to kill bees and other pollinators, or you won't get apples. Another reason why pollination can cause apple tree fruit loss is if there is not enough pollination during the flowering period. Keep pollinators within 50 feet of the tree, encourage beneficial insects and bees by planting other flowering plants nearby, and avoid using pest sprays when the apple tree is in bloom. The fall in June is better known as the second fall and seems to be the worst for gardeners. At this point, the apples are between one and a half to one centimeter in diameter. The most plausible explanation for the fall of apple trees in June is a temporary lack of sufficient carbohydrates in the plants. Trees need a lot of carbohydrates to produce fruit. Cloudy weather and low temperatures reduce the rate of photosynthesis, resulting in a shortage of carbohydrates. Conversely, high temperatures at night stimulate a higher rate of respiration, which further depletes the carbohydrate stores. 
Environmental factors cause apple fruit to drop
Honeybees are an important pollinator of apple trees. Cold and rainy weather prevents bees from flying and thus collecting pollen. If the rainwater continues during the flowering period, the bees will not have a chance to pollinate the apple blossoms or apple blossoms. When apple flower buds begin to open, they are vulnerable to freezing temperatures. The longer they stay outside, the more vulnerable they are to the cold. Freezing temperatures during bud or flower development are the main environmental causes of early apple drop. Factors affecting preharvest apple tree decline The death of an apple tree before harvest is related to several factors, including the tree's mineral nutrition, summer pruning, insect or disease infestation, and water availability. Some factors affecting the fall before harvest Mineral food. Preharvest fruit drop is often more pronounced in orchards with low soil fertility and in orchards with low magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and boron (B) content. To counteract the negative effects of high potassium on apple drop, we recommend that Mackintosh Orchards apply an annual maintenance spray of Mg (Epsom salts) at the first and third sprays to reduce pre-harvest shear. Summer pruning. Preharvest fruit drop is often severe in heavily summer pruned orchards. This problem is likely due to carbohydrate limitation when many leaves are cut, which makes the leaves of older plants less functional. If summer pruning reduces the leaf-to-fruit ratio below 20:1, fruit set will increase. If necessary, moderate summer pruning is recommended, when only a small portion of functional leaves is cut. Insects and mites. Severe fall can increase yields due to heavy infestations of mites, leaf miners and other insects, or diseases that drastically reduce the photosynthesis produced by the plant's leaves. Heavy mites and folded leaves have been shown to reduce the photosynthetic capacity of plant leaves, resulting in limited carbohydrate supply to late-season fruits. Thus, strict adherence to these thresholds generally does not lead to an increased risk of failure. However, when severe insect or whale damage is combined with summer harvest or low Mg or drought stress, the combined effects of each stress can increase the severity of preharvest decline. Availability of water. Preharvest licorice will be abundant during dry seasons or seasons with abundant or more than adequate rainfall. In dry years, irrigation becomes an important management tool to control decline to maturity. 
Apple fruit culvitation
Causes of premature fruit drop in apple trees All fruits must be harvested on time, at the right stage of ripening, to preserve their nutrients, quality and freshness. Apple trees can be a little hard to find when they are in their prime and ready to harvest. Trees begin to fall prematurely at this time of year. This event has many causes. Moth-infested apples will have rotting spots on the developing fruit and will drop from the tree. Some tree species are more prone to early death than others. Gravenstein, Honeycrisp, Golden Delicious, Liberty, and Red Delicious are the varieties most likely to fall for harvest. Watch whole, healthy apples fall to the ground. Healthy apples usually start to drop when the fruit is ripe. Apples ripen at different times depending on the variety. Gravenstein apples ripen in August, while Granny Smiths will not be ready until November. One or another variety of fruit ripens sooner or later in different climatic conditions. And it's best to keep an eye on your trees because they ripen at the same time every year. When the season is good and the apples are ripe, open the apple and check the color of the seed. Apple seeds usually turn dark brown when they are almost ripe. When the apple is ripe and ready to harvest, you can remove it from the tree without pulling or twisting it hard. Just pick the apple and it must come off the tree. 
Symptoms and characteristics of early fruit drop in apples
Premature fruit drop is associated with unfavorable environmental conditions, such as late frost, extreme heat or cold, and sudden changes in humidity. Symptoms of fruit loss can be related to soil due to infrequent watering and poor nutrition. Nutritional deficiencies are a big problem. Green peppers deficient in boron will also drop some fruit on the apple tree. Diagnosis of the deficiency is more difficult if more than one nutrient is deficient in the soil. In Manitoba, only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur are of particular importance to apple growing. Displaced herbicides can cause early fruit drop. 